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DNA Staining Reagent

4,6-DiAmidino-2-PhenylIndole

DAPI is an excellent dye for the staining of DNA. The most popular application of DAPI is its use as a reagent to detect mycoplasma or virus DNA in the cell culture.
Use 0.25mg/mL solution.

Stock Conc.: 1-2mg/mL, stable for 6-12 months when store at -20℃, room temp for 1-2 weeks, protect from light.
Working Conc.: 1:1000 dilution of stock solution

Russel, W.C. et al. (1975) Nature 253, 461-462
A simple cytochemical technique for demonstration of DNA in cells infected with mycoplasmas and viruses.

Store at 4℃

DNA/RNA Experiment, For Nucleic Acid Hybridization

DNase, RNase not detected

Denhardt's solution is a blocking reagent for preventing the unspecific binding of nucleic acids to nitrocellulose or nylon membranes in hybridization experiments. Denatured DNA binds to nitrocellulose membranes, but not free RNA. Pretreatment of the membrane with Denhardt's solution prevents the binding of single stranded or (unspecific) denatured DNA.

The use of Denhardt's reagent is recommended for Northern hybridization, hybridization of RNA, 'single copy Southern hybridization' or hybridization of DNA, immobilized on nylon membranes.

Denhardt, D.T. (1966) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 23, 641-646
A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA.
Sambrook, J. et al, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory(1989), p 9.48-50, B15

Store at 4℃

RNA Experiment, RNase Deactivator

DiEthyl PyroCarbonate
O(COOC₂H₅)₂
M.W.: 162.14
Assay (NMR): >98.5%

Modification reagent for His and Tyr residues in proteins. In 0.1% solution, it inactivates RNase, thus protecting RNA from degradation.

For the treatment of water with DEPC, add 1 ml of DEPC to 1 liter bi-distilled water (0.1 % DEPC v/v) and stir over night. Autoclaving 20 minutes inactivates DEPC. DEPC reacts with water and hydrolyses to ethanol and CO₂.

Store at 4℃

Caution: DEPC is suspected to be a carcinogen and should be handled with great care. Do not breathe fumes and avoid contact with skin! DEPC may damage eyes and mucous membranes!

Harmful, Irritant

Average Molecular Weight (Gel permeation chromatogryphy): 38,500 Dalton
Below 10,900 Dalton: 10%
Above 99,700 Dalton: 10%
pH: 6.1
Cloride (Cl): <100mg/kg
Nitrogen (N): <30mg/kg

Store at Room Temp.

Average Molecular Weight (Gel permeation chromatogryphy): 64,000 Dalton
Below 20,100 Dalton: 10%
Above 160,400 Dalton: 10%
pH: 6.4
Cloride (Cl): <100mg/kg
Nitrogen (N): <64mg/kg

Store at Room Temp.

DNA/RNA Experiment, For Nucleic Acid Hybridization

From dextran with an Av. M.W.: 500,000. Sodium salt, adjust to pH 7 with phosphate

Heparin-like polysaccharide, which improves the hybridization rate of nucleic acids.

Stock Conc.: 50%
Working Conc.: 10%

Store at 4℃

DNA/RNA Experiment, DNA Size Marker
Datasheet

This ladder consists of forty blunt end DNA bands at exactly 100bp to 4,000bp in 100 bp increments. Two features of the ladder facilitate band identification:
1. A high intensity 500 bp band
2. Bands from 1,000bp to 4,000bp are more intense than bands from 100 bp to 900bp. G+C content of the bands is 48%. The DNA concentration of the stock solution is 1ug/uL. Thus, the average concentration of each band is about 28ng/uL.

3 Easy Steps: (For details, please refer to Datasheet)
1. Just add 50uL stock solution to 450uL ready-to -use loading dye.
2. Mix well.
3. Add 5-10uL per loading.

Store at -20℃

DNA/RNA Experiment, DNA Size Marker
Datasheet

This ladder consists of 10 blunt ended DNA bands at exactly 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 kilobase. All bands (except 5 kb) are supplied at 30ng/ul, providing uniform staining intensity with ethidium bromide or sybr green I dyes. The 5kb band is supplied at triple the concentration, 90ng/ul, to provide an easy marker for band identification. All bands can be resolved using 0.6%-1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis.

3 Easy Steps: (For details, please refer to Datasheet)
1. Just add 50uL stock solution to 450uL ready-to -use loading dye.
2. Mix well.
3. Add 5-10uL per loading.

Store at -20℃

DNA/RNA Experiment, DNA Size Marker

This ladder consists of 33 blunt ended DNA bands at exactly 200bp to 6600bp in 200bp increments. The high intensity 1000bp band facilitates band identification. G+C content of all band is 48%.

Store at -20℃

DNA/RNA Experiment, DNA Size Marker

This ladder consists of 25 blunt ended DNA bands at exactly 20bp to 500bp in 20bp increments. The high intensity 100bp band facilitates band identification. G+C content of all bands is 50%.

Store at -20℃

For PCR Use

Purity (HPLC): >98%

Please refer to dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dTTP below.

Store at -20℃

For PCR Use

2'-DeoxyAdenosine-5'-TriPhosphate Sodium Salt
C₁₀H₁₂N₅O₁₂P₃Na₄
M.W.: 579.11
Absorp. Max. (0.1M in water, pH 7.0): 259nm±1nm
Absorbance ratios (pH 7.0)
A₂₅₀/A₂₆₀: 0.78±0.03
A₂₈₀/A₂₆₀: 0.15±0.02
pH (0.1M in water): 7.0±0.1

Store at -20℃

For PCR Use

2'-DeoxyCytidine-5'-TriPhosphate Sodium Salt
C₉H₁₂N₃O₁₃P₃Na₄
M.W.: 555.09
Absorp. Max. (0.1M in water, pH 7.0): 280nm±1nm
Absorbance ratios (pH 7.0)
A₂₅₀/A₂₆₀: 0.78±0.03
A₂₈₀/A₂₆₀: 0.96±0.03
pH (0.1M in water): 7.0±0.1

Store at -20℃

For PCR Use

2'-DeoxyGuanosine-5'-TriPhosphate Sodium Salt
C₁₀H₁₂N₅O₁₃P₃Na₄
M.W.: 595.11
Absorp. Max. (0.1M in water, pH 7.0): 252nm±1nm
Absorbance ratios (pH 7.0)
A₂₅₀/A₂₆₀: 1.16±0.05
A₂₈₀/A₂₆₀: 0.66±0.03
pH (0.1M in water): 7.0±0.1

Store at -20℃

For PCR Use

2'-DeoxyThymidine-5'-TriPhosphate Sodium Salt
C₁₀H₁₃N₂O₁₄P₃Na₄
M.W.: 570.10
Absorp. Max. (0.1M in water, pH 7.0): 267nm±1nm
Absorbance ratios (pH 7.0)
A₂₅₀/A₂₆₀: 0.65±0.03
A₂₈₀/A₂₆₀: 0.73±0.03
pH (0.1M in water): 7.0±0.1

Store at -20℃

Protein Experiment, Protein Disulfide Bond, Reducing Reagent

Dithioerythritol 　 　
C₄H₁₀O₂S₂
M.W.: 154.25
Assay: 99.2%
Oxidized DTE: 0.1g/100g
pH: 6.3

Dithioerythritol (DTE) is an isomer of dithiothreitol (DTT). In general, DTE and DTT are exchangeable.

Store at 4℃

Protein Experiment, Protein Disulfide Bond, Reducing Reagent

Dithiothreitol
C₄H₁₀O₂S₂
M.W.: 154.25
99% Min
Melting Point: 41-42℃
For Molecular Biology Research Use
Soln. (5% in water): Clear and Colorless

Dithiothreitol (DTT) is, like beta-mercaptoethanol, a reducing reagent for proteins and protects the cysteine residues against oxidation.

Stock Conc.: 1M in ddH₂O, Store at -20℃
Working Conc.: 0.1-1mM

Cleland, W.W. (1964) Biochemistry 3, 480-482
Dithiothreitol, a new protective reagent for SH groups.

Store at 4℃